Purification of water and fertile soil with bentonite-like clays of the Belgorod Region

Alexandr Vezentsev,Natalia Volovicheva,Lidiia Peristaya,Vitaliy Milyutin,Svetlana Korolkova,Igor Korolkov,I Spichak,O Lebedeva

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213002001

Alexandr Vezentsev, Natalia Volovicheva + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213002001

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Abstract

This paper presents the results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of sorption purification of aquatic medium and fertile soils using native forms of bentonite clays of deposits in the Belgorod region (Russia) from heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Pb2+) and radionuclides (137Cs, 85Sr, 233U и 239Pu). It was revealed that during the sorption of heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+ и Cr3+) from model water systems, the most absorbing activity is shown by the natural clays of the Polyana and Nelidovka deposits, which have almost the same ability to absorb heavy metal ions. The purification efficiency of the model aqueous solutions from these cations taken at an initial concentration of 0.1 mmol/l reaches 95%. It was established that the natural clay of the Polyana deposit is also an effective sorbent for the purification of solutions from cesium radionuclides. In terms of sorption ability, the studied sample is 5 times superior to natural clinoptilolite, which is most often used to purify solutions from radiocesium.. It was revealed that with an increase in the amount of added sorbents, the detoxification effect is increased, that is, the content of heavy metals in the green mass decreases.

Highlights

Pollution of the environment by heavy metals and pathogens is always potentially dangerous due to their introduction from the hydro- and lithosphere through metabolic and trophic chains into living organisms, including humans [1]
One of the anthropogenic sources of copper is poisonous chemicals used for a long time in vineyards
It was established that when using natural clays of investigated deposits of the Belgorod region as sorbents of heavy metal ions from model aqueous solutions, the highest sorption rate is observed in the first 5 minutes of exposure

Summary

Introduction

Pollution of the environment by heavy metals and pathogens is always potentially dangerous due to their introduction from the hydro- and lithosphere through metabolic and trophic chains into living organisms, including humans [1]. In addition to water purification, another vital problem is the cleaning of soil from heavy metals such as lead, copper, etc. Through the food chain, soil - plants - animals human heavy metals enter the human body, causing a number of negative effects [2]. A wide range of harmful and toxic substances entering the environment, and, as a result, into the human body and animals with aerosols, water and food, determines the need to search for and create materials with pronounced sorption selectivity to heavy metals, radionuclides, pathogenic microorganisms and other pollutants. The efficiency of purification by this method reaches 80 - 95% [3,4,5]

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