Purification of Palm Biodiesel Using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) Based Choline Chloride (ChCl) and 1,2-Propanediol (C3H8O2)

Abstract

The development of environmentally friendly technologies is now gaining important attention in the field of chemistry, one of which is the development of environmentally friendly organic solvents. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) is potential as an environmentally-friendly solvent because it is non-toxic, non-reactive with water, biodegradable, low melting point and easy and inexpensive synthesis to produce high purity DES. This study was aimed to test the potency and effectiveness of Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) based choline chloride: 1,2-propanediol as co-solvent in biodiesel purification. DES used on the basis of Choline Chloride (salt) and 1,2-Propanediol (HBD) with a 1: 2 and 1: 3 molar ratio were applied to purification of biodiesel at concentration of 1; 5; 10; and 15% (w/w). And then will be compared between methanolysis and ethanolysis process. From the result of the research, it found that DES based ChCl / 1,2 Propanediol has good freezing point, density, and viscosity as solvent and can increase ester content or purity and yield of biodiesel in purification process. The highest purity of biodiesel was 98,88% at ethanol to oil molar ratio of 9: 1 and 5% DES in ethanolysis process.