Abstract
A water-soluble oligosaccharide termed EMOS-1a was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides purified from mulberries by column chromatography. The chemical structure of the purified fraction was investigated by ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, which indicated that galactose was the main constituent of EMOS-1a. Chemical analyses showed that the uronic acid and sulfate content of EMOS-1a were 5.6% and 8.35%, respectively, while gel permeation chromatography showed that EMOS-1a had an average molecular weight of 987 Da. The antioxidant activities of EMOS-1a were next investigated, and EMOS-1a exhibited concentration-dependent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The level of proliferation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus reached 1420 ± 16% when 4% (w/v) EMOS-1a was added, where the number of colonies in MRS (de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe) medium with no added oligosaccharide was defined as 100% proliferation. These results indicate that the oligosaccharide EMOS-1a could be used as a natural antioxidant in prebiotic preparations.
Highlights
Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is widely cultivated in Asia, Africa, Europe, and America [1], and China has a long history of planting this tree [2]
We have previously found that mulberry oligosaccharides prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis have superior prebiotic effects compared with mulberry polysaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs), or galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) [18]
The oligosaccharide enzymatichydrolysate hydrolysateofofmulberry mulberryoligosaccharides oligosaccharides (EMOS)-1a was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides purified from mulberries by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography
Summary
Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is widely cultivated in Asia, Africa, Europe, and America [1], and China has a long history of planting this tree [2]. In China, mulberries and other plants are used as a traditional medicine for treating fever, sore throat, anemia, and liver damage [3,4,5]. The therapeutic benefit of mulberries may be attributable to a variety of active ingredients, including polysaccharides, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids [6,7,8]. Mulberry polysaccharides are macromolecular active substances with antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and immune-enhancing properties [9,10]. Mulberry polysaccharides have been shown to Molecules 2019, 24, 2329; doi:10.3390/molecules24122329 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
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