Abstract
Bacillus velezensis SK having broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity has been isolated from soil. The efficient extraction of antimicrobial compounds produced in various mediums has been done using Diaion HP-20 resin. Further, characterization of an antimicrobial compound by TLC, FTIR, in-situ bioautography analysis revealed the presence of cyclic lipopeptides, which is then purified by the combination of silica gel, size exclusion, dual gradient, and RP-HPLC chromatography techniques. Growth kinetic studies showed that Bacillus velezensis SK produces a mixture of lipopeptides (1.33 gL−1). The lipopeptide exhibits good pH (2–10) and temperature stability up to 80 °C. LC–ESI–MS analysis of partially purified lipopeptide identified variant of surfactin, further analysis of purified chromatographic fractions revealed the occurrence of most abundant C15-surfactin homologues (m/z 1036.72 Da). The isolated surfactin exhibits good antimicrobial activity (1600 AU/ml) against drug-resistant food-born B. cereus and human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Hence, identified strain B. velezensis SK and its potent antibacterial surfactin lipopeptide could be used in various food and biomedical applications.
Highlights
Antibiotic resistance is an excellent example of microbial acclimatization towards conventional antibiotics (Wright 2007)
Lipopeptide production was evaluated in various media and results showed isolated B. velezensis SK could able to produce lipopeptides in all media tested including minimal basal medium (MBM)
B. velezensis and related species have been shown to produce lipopeptides (0.818 gL−1) from different agro-industrial wastes and office waste such as paper hydrolyzed by B. velezensis ASN1 which can be used in the production medium to lower the cost of production (Jha et al, 2016; Nair et al 2020)
Summary
Antibiotic resistance is an excellent example of microbial acclimatization towards conventional antibiotics (Wright 2007). Lipopeptides are group of non-ribosomally synthesized peptides (NRPs) produced by bacteria, yeast, mold, and actinomycetes (Laverty et al 2011; Li et al 2013; Zhao et al 2018). In bacteria both Grampositive and Gram-negative groups of bacteria have been reported for lipopeptides production (Li et al 2013), among them Bacillus spp are dominant (Malfanova et al 2012; Raaijmakers et al 2010; Zhao et al 2016)
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