Abstract
This monograph presents a significant portion of the scientific results of the archaeological excavations at the Bronze Age settlement site of Punta di Zambrone on the Tyrrhenian coast of Calabria (southern Italy). These excavations were conducted from 2011 to 2013 in an Italian-Austrian cooperation. The book is the first in a series dedicated to the final publication of those excavations and focuses on the later part of the settlement history (13th–12th cent. BCE). Major topics include the topography of the site (including a harbour bay), its chronology, investigations into the economic basis of the Bronze Age society and its local, regional and interregional interactions. The new data from Punta di Zambrone are evaluated in comparison with new research results from coeval sites in Italy and Greece, which forms the basis for a historical contextualization of the settlement and thus contributes to the broader reconstruction of Mediterranean history at the end of the second millennium BCE. These coeval sites are presented by their excavators or investigators. The authors conducted geophysical and bathymetric surveys as well as underwater archaeological investigations, typological analyses of artefacts, a definition of the relative and absolute chronology, archaeobotanic and archaeozoological studies, aDNA analysis, Sr isotope analyses on human and animal teeth, chemical and Pb isotope analyses on metal artefacts, provenance analyses of pottery vessels, amber and stone artefacts (from Zambrone and other sites).
Highlights
Reinhard JungThe time around 1200 BCE saw the overthrow of many royal regimes in the eastern Mediterranean
The nowadays densely inhabited narrow coastal plain of Praia di Zambrone, partially covered by Holocene alluvial fans, developed at the front of a Pleistocene palaeo-sea cliff that is characterised by gentle slopes interrupted by valleys . (Fig . 2) No evidence of uplifted Holocene shorelines has been found along the coasts on either the northern or the southern side of the promontory of Punta di Zambrone
Other classes such as shallow hemispheric bowls, horizontal handles with pairs of bird’s head projections attached to shallow bowls and horizontal handles rising above the rim and ending in diverging coils are characteristic of the later phase
Summary
Reinhard JungThe time around 1200 BCE saw the overthrow of many royal regimes in the eastern Mediterranean. Marco Pacciarelli and his local collaborators have investigated this geomorphologically very diverse region for several decades by means of archaeological surveys and excavation campaigns.7 The results of these activities allow the reconstruction of the settlement history of this specific micro-region in detail and form the background against which we can evaluate the results of the three-year excavation project centred at Punta di Zambrone.. Pacciarelli section of the Recent Bronze Age (RBA) fortification ditch we excavated a sequence of ashy fill layers very rich in artefacts, animal bones and charred botanical remains. These layers yielded dispersed human bone fragments that could be partially recomposed and belong to two different individuals, one of which retains its mandible with three molars (M1–M3) and a canine.. Bronze Age (EBA) finds come from the fill of a long rock-cut feature running close and almost parallel to the RBA ditch
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