Pulsed-wave doppler echocardiographic cardiac dimensions of Muzaffarnagari sheep

Abstract

With the aim to determine reference pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiographic cardiac dimensions in sheep, transthoracic echocardiographic examination in right lateral position was performed in 20 healthy adult female Muzaffarnagari sheep. The study was conducted between August, 2014 and March, 2015 at ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. The peak early (Emax) and late (Amax) transmitral filling velocities were 61.75±2.93 and 42.17±2.52 cm/s, respectively. The mean early (Emean) and late (Amean) transmitral filling velocities were 31.67±1.45 and 21.86±1.26 cm/s, respectively. The velocity time integrals of transmitral filling during early ventricular filling (VTIE) and atrial contraction (VTIA) were 8.22±0.29 and 4.52±0.39 cm, respectively. The peak early (PPGE) and late (PPGA) transmitral filling pressure gradients were 1.58±0.15 and 0.75±0.08 mmHg, respectively. The mean early (MPGE) and late (MPGA) transmitral filling pressure gradients were 0.42±0.04 and 0.20±0.02 mmHg, respectively. Early (ETE)andlate (ETA) transmitral filling ejection time were 0.27±0.01 and 0.21±0.02 s, respectively. Emax/Amax, VTIE: VTIA ETE: ETA and PPGE: PPGA ratios were 1.50±0.05, 2.11±0.23, 1.43±0.15 and 2.30±0.17, respectively. The peak (AOVmax), mean (AOVmean), velocity time integral (VTIAO), peak systolic pressure gradient (PPGAO), mean systolic pressure gradient (MPGAO), and ejection time (ETAO) of the aortic flow were 87.59±5.54 cm/s, 43.68±2.87 cm/s, 10.94±0.80 cm, 3.19±0.39 AO mmHg, 0.80±0.10 mmHg and 0.25±0.01s, respectively. These pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiographic cardiac dimension reference values in Muzaffarnagari sheep could serve as a reference for physiological and cardiovascular studies in this breed.