Abstract
We studied the effect of pulsed ultrasound therapy (UST) and antibothropic polyvalent antivenom (PAV) on the regeneration of mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle following damage by Bothrops jararacussu venom. Animals (Swiss male and female mice weighing 25.0 ± 5.0 g; 5 animals per group) received a perimuscular injection of venom (1 mg/kg) and treatment with UST was started 1 h later (1 min/day, 3 MHz, 0.3 W/cm2, pulsed mode). Three and 28 days after injection, muscles were dissected and processed for light microscopy. The venom caused complete degeneration of muscle fibers. UST alone and combined with PAV (1.0 mL/kg) partially protected these fibers, whereas muscles receiving no treatment showed disorganized fascicules and fibers with reduced diameter. Treatment with UST and PAV decreased the effects of the venom on creatine kinase content and motor activity (approximately 75 and 48%, respectively). Sonication of the venom solution immediately before application decreased the in vivo and ex vivo myotoxic activities (approximately 60 and 50%, respectively). The present data show that UST counteracts some effects of B. jararacussu venom, causing structural and functional improvement of the regenerated muscle after venom injury.
Highlights
Muscle damage can be induced by many agents, e.g., extreme physical activity, trauma, specific disease states, chemical offenders, or the aging process [1]
We have shown that pulsed ultrasound therapy (UST) could ameliorate the damaging effects of B. jararacussu venom, from edema to myonecrosis, including motor dysfunction, in mice
In parallel to decreasing edema and improving motor activity, UST was able to counteract the considerable drop in EDL creatine kinase (CK) content, as well as protecting peripheral fibers from necrosis
Summary
Muscle damage can be induced by many agents, e.g., extreme physical activity, trauma, specific disease states, chemical offenders, or the aging process [1]. A neglected cause of muscle damage is snakebite [2]. The envenomation induces local effects such as acute edema, hemorrhage and myonecrosis, due to complex actions of various toxins present in the crude venoms [3]. In severe cases, these local effects can lead to drastic sequelae such as permanent tissue loss, disability, or even amputation [4]. The venom of Bothrops jararacussu causes local myonecrosis due to the presence of components with proteolytic and phospholipase activities [6,7,8,9,10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
