Pulsed ultrasound associated with gold nanoparticle gel reduces oxidative stress parameters and expression of pro-inflammatory molecules in an animal model of muscle injury

Eduardo G Victor,Emilio L Streck,Ricardo A Pinho,Marcos Ms Paula,Paulo Cl Silveira,Claudio T De Souza,Jonathann C Possato,Luciano Da Silva,Uillian B Munari,Guilherme L Da Rosa

doi:10.1186/1477-3155-10-11

Eduardo G Victor, Emilio L Streck + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-3155-10-11

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Abstract

BackgroundNanogold has been investigated in a wide variety of biomedical applications because of the anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of TPU (Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound) with gold nanoparticles (GNP) on oxidative stress parameters and the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules after traumatic muscle injury.Materials and methodsAnimals were divided in nine groups: sham (uninjured muscle); muscle injury without treatment; muscle injury + DMSO; muscle injury + GNP; muscle injury + DMSO + GNP; muscle injury + TPU; muscle injury + TPU + DMSO; muscle injury + TPU + GNP; muscle injury + TPU + DMSO + GNP. The ROS production was determined by concentration of superoxide anion, modulation of antioxidant defenses was determined by the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes, oxidative damage determined by formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and protein carbonyls. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured as inflammatory parameters.ResultsCompared to muscle injury without treatment group, the muscle injury + TPU + DMSO + GNP gel group promoted a significant decrease in superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation levels (p < 0.050). It also showed a significant decrease in TNF-α and IL-1β levels (p < 0.050) when compared to muscle injury without treatment group.ConclusionsOur results suggest that TPU + DMSO + GNP gel presents beneficial effects on the muscular healing process, inducing a reduction in the production of ROS and also the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules.

Highlights

Nanogold has been investigated in a wide variety of biomedical applications because of the antiinflammatory properties
Compared to muscle injury without treatment group, the muscle injury + therapeutic pulsed ultrasound (TPU) + DMSO + gold nanoparticles (GNP) gel group promoted a significant decrease in superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation levels (p < 0.050)
Our results suggest that TPU + DMSO + GNP gel presents beneficial effects on the muscular healing process, inducing a reduction in the production of Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) and the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules

Summary

Introduction

Nanogold has been investigated in a wide variety of biomedical applications because of the antiinflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of TPU (Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound) with gold nanoparticles (GNP) on oxidative stress parameters and the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules after traumatic muscle injury. Oxidative stress has an important role in muscle damage and may be associated with cellular membrane damage via disruption of Ca2+ ion channels leading to imbalance in Ca2+ homeostasis [4]. Macrophage-released cytokines, including leukemia inhibitory factor, IL-1 and IL-6, have emerged as part of the muscle repair mechanism. It is increasingly clear that tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by activated macrophages, has an important role in muscle repair [7]

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