Abstract
Wireless channel analysis is essential in the design, performance evaluation, and error correction of radar system. In this paper, an efficient parabolic equation (PE) method, which employs the split-step Fourier transform (SSFT) solution and Fourier synthesis technique, is developed for the propagation and parameter estimation of pulse-compression signals in the troposphere considering anomalous propagation conditions. A sliding window method is applied to reduce computational loads for long-distance propagation in time-domain PE. The signal delay is obtained via searching the peak of the correlation function of the received signal and a known reference signal according to the autocorrelation of the signals. The numerical examples indicate that the presented method is well suited for pulse-compression signals. Beyond that, a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm with spatial smoothing technique is introduced to obtain the signal direction of arrival (DOA) in PE model, where the covariance matrix is constructed via the array fields obtained from PE and the curvature of wavefronts due to the atmospheric refraction is considered in the array steering vector. The numerical examples verify the accuracy of the presented method. The simulation experiments in a typical sea-to-land scenario are presented to analyze the sensitivity of pulse-compression signals to evaporation ducts, including pulse waveform, time delay, and DOA, utilizing the presented methods.
Highlights
The pulse-compression signals, such as the linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals, non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM) signals, and phase coded signals (PCSs), which have large time-bandwidth product, are commonly used in modern radar system
A multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm [22] which provides a higher resolution compared with the traditional wave spectral methods is introduced to obtain the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signals, where the covariance matrix is constructed via the array fields obtained from parabolic equation (PE) and the curvature of wavefronts due to the atmospheric refraction is considered in the array steering vector
In this paper, a time-domain version of PE is applied to model the propagation of pulse-compression signals in the troposphere, taking into account the abnormal atmospheric
Summary
The pulse-compression signals, such as the linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals, non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM) signals, and phase coded signals (PCSs), which have large time-bandwidth product, are commonly used in modern radar system. D. Zhang et al.: Pulse-Compression Signal Propagation and Parameter Estimation in the Troposphere With Parabolic Equation. Zhang et al.: Pulse-Compression Signal Propagation and Parameter Estimation in the Troposphere With Parabolic Equation Such as the atmospheric conditions [10], [11], irregular terrains [12], [13], vegetation [14], [15], buildings [16], and rainfall [17], and has a remarkable advantage in computational efficiency with the split-step Fourier transform (SSFT) solution [18], so it is especially suitable for large-range propagation problems. The PE method is developed to model the propagation of pulse-compression signals in the troposphere and to estimate the characteristic parameters of the signals.
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