Abstract
The method of photoplethysmography (PPG) detailed in Chapters 1 and 2 gained enormous prominence due to the development of pulse oximetry. In pulse oximetry, the fact that hemoglobin bound with oxygen (called oxyhemoglobin) and hemoglobin without oxygen (deoxy-hemoglobin or reduced hemoglobin) absorb/reflect light differently is exploited in ascertaining, noninvasively, oxygen saturation in arterial blood. Most pulse oximeters that are in existence today use a couple of PPGs obtained using red and infrared wavelength light sources and calculate oxygen saturation in arterial blood using the red and IR PPGs and an empirical equation. This chapter details the development of pulse oximetry. It describes in detail a couple of novel methods of oxygen saturation calculation using the red and IR PPGs. The methods presented here do not need any calibration to be performed.
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