Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation. Diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), the most severe type of congenital heart disease, in a newborn may be difficult. The addition of CCHD screening, using pulse oximetry, to clinical assessment significantly improves the rate of detection. We conducted a pilot study in Morocco on screening neonates for critical congenital heart disease. This study was conducted in the maternity ward of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco, and included asymptomatic newborns delivered between March 2019 and January 2020. The screening of CCHD was performed by pulse oximetry measuring the pre- and post-ductal saturation. Screening was performed on 8013/10,451 (76.7%) asymptomatic newborns. According to the algorithm, 7998 cases passed the screening test (99.82%), including one inconclusive test that was repeated an hour later and was normal. Fifteen newborns failed the screening test (0.18%): five CCHD, five false positives, and five CHD but non-critical. One false negative case was diagnosed at 2 months of age. Our results encourage us to strengthen screening for CCHD by adding pulse oximetry to the routine newborn screening panel.
Highlights
The Kingdom of Morocco has 36 million inhabitants and Marrakesh is the third largest city in Morocco; the natality rate in 2019 was 16.9% and the neonatal mortality was 16% .Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation, with an incidence of 8 per 1000 live births
This prospective study was conducted from March 2019 to January 2020 in the maternity ward of the Mother and Child Hospital, at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakesh in Morocco
Pulse oximetry screening increased the detection of Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakesh
Summary
The Kingdom of Morocco has 36 million inhabitants and Marrakesh is the third largest city in Morocco; the natality rate in 2019 was 16.9% and the neonatal mortality was 16% .Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation, with an incidence of 8 per 1000 live births. The Kingdom of Morocco has 36 million inhabitants and Marrakesh is the third largest city in Morocco; the natality rate in 2019 was 16.9% and the neonatal mortality was 16%. Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), defined as CHD requiring early detection and surgical intervention or cardiac catheterization in the first year of life to sustain life, occurs in 2.5 to 3 per 1000 live births. These cardiac lesions are responsible for approximately 40% of deaths due to congenital birth defects in the first year of life [1]. Delayed or missed diagnosis of CCHD in asymptomatic newborns may result in significant morbidity and mortality [4]
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