Abstract
The present work addresses pulsar Crab Nebula emissions from point of view of their modeling and applications for asteroid detection and imaging by applying inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) principles. A huge value of the plasma’s effective temperature is a reason for pulsar emission coherency, a property of great practical meaning for a space objects navigation, localization and imaging. Based on measurement data obtained by Goldstone-Apple Valley and Arecibo radio telescopes, an original time frequency grid mathematical model of pulsar emissions is created. Passive ISAR scenario, a space object’s geometry and a model of pulsar signals reflected from the space object’s surface are also described and graphically illustrated. A new range compression approach for ISAR imaging is suggested and demonstrated. In order to reduce the level of additive white Gaussian noise in signals and enlarge the signal to noise ratio in the final image, coherent summation of multiple complex images is applied. To prove the correctness of the geometry, signal models and theoretical analysis, results of numerical experiments are provided.
Highlights
The pulsars are rotating neutron stars formed due to the collapse of massive stars core
Considering that the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) signal reemitted by the asteroid is registered in a time-frequency grid, the range compression can be performed by the algebraic summation of signals from all frequency channels
The structure of the Crab pulsar emission has been interpreted as multiple monochromatic Gaussian pulses, distributed in a time-frequency signal grid
Summary
The pulsars are rotating neutron stars formed due to the collapse of massive stars core. The pulsar can be considered as a massive freely spinning top and a powerful particle accelerator since the rotating magnetic field generates enormous electric fields that accelerate charged particles These accelerated particles emit electromagnetic waves at spin frequency (across the spectrum, from radio waves to gamma-rays). From point of view of pulsar emissions utilization, including localization, navigation and imaging, the most appropriate emissions are those from Crab Nebula pulsar In this sense, the attention of the present work is on the signal modeling of the pulsar Crab Nebula emission and its passive inverse synthetic aperture radar application for asteroid imaging.
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