Pulmonary Venous Thrombosis and Cerebrovascular Accident in a Young Oral Contraceptive User Patient: A Case Report

Lai Ik,Buschle Mn,Grava S

doi:10.36502/2021/asjbccr.6221

Lai Ik, Buschle Mn + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.36502/2021/asjbccr.6221

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Abstract

Since there are millions of pill users around the world, the relationship between oral contraceptives, thrombotic events, and the cerebrovascular accident has been the focus of numerous studies. Most of the cases described in the literature are of deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery. This article aims to report a rare case of pulmonary vein thrombosis, along with cerebrovascular accident in a young patient who uses oral contraceptives. We seek to elucidate this relationship between the use of different oral contraceptives and the risk of thrombus formation, in addition to providing a brief review of these pathological episodes in the body. In view of the scarce existence of studies with reports of pulmonary venous thrombosis, it is expected to provide information to the entire medical community.

Highlights

The relationship between oral contraceptives (OC), thrombotic events, and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) has been the focus of numerous studies since approximately 100,000,000 women worldwide use pills
A study indicated that venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in non-OC users, affects per year about 4-5 out of 10,000 women, increasing to 9-10 cases when there is the use of OC [2]
Case Presentation We report the case of a female patient, 34 years old, white, doctor, previously healthy, whose only risk factor was the use of oral contraceptives composed of ethinylestradiol + cyproterone acetate

Summary

Introduction

The relationship between oral contraceptives (OC), thrombotic events, and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) has been the focus of numerous studies since approximately 100,000,000 women worldwide use pills. A study indicated that venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in non-OC users, affects per year about 4-5 out of 10,000 women, increasing to 9-10 cases when there is the use of OC [2]. Due to the suggestive picture of CVA, the patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), administrated with a full dose of Enoxaparin, loading doses of Clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). She was submitted to laboratory and imaging exams, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) of the skull, and Angio-CT, in which were found hyperdense injuries and filling failures in the left medium cerebral artery (LMCA) territory (Fig1A and Fig-1B). There was a good evolution and the patient recovered completely, with no sequels

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