Abstract
Tuberculosis has varied clinical and radiological presentations, ranging from constitutional symptoms with segmental involvement to severe forms with multiple lobar consolidation and high mortality. Though uncommon, respiratory failure can be a presenting feature of tuberculous consolidation of lungs, rarely requiring mechanical ventilation. We report a 27 year female diagnosed as having total left lung consolidation and respiratory failure who showed marked clinical and radiological improvement after taking anti-tubercular drugs. Knowledge of radiological presentations of the pulmonary tuberculosis such as patchy, poorly defined consolidation with/without cavitation, fibrosis, calcification, lung destruction, pleural effusion or miliary lesions can help in timely diagnosis and proper management of these cases. JMS 2016; 19(1):29-31
Highlights
According to a 2007 World Health Organization report, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of death world wide . 1,2,3 Some decades ago, respiratory failure resulting from tuberculosis was reported mainly in cases of miliary tuberculosis
The reported frequency of acute respiratory failure in patients with active tuberculosis ranged from 1.5% to 5.0%4,6,7
Our report focuses on a rare presentation of a total right lung consolidation with type 1 respiratory failure in a young immunocompetent patient of pulmonary tuberculosis without other risk factors
Summary
According to a 2007 World Health Organization report, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of death world wide . 1,2,3 Some decades ago, respiratory failure resulting from tuberculosis was reported mainly in cases of miliary tuberculosis. In 1977, the first case series of respiratory failure in 16 patients with tuberculosis and fibrocavitary disease was described. The reported frequency of acute respiratory failure in patients with active tuberculosis ranged from 1.5% to 5.0%4,6,7. Our report focuses on a rare presentation of a total right lung consolidation with type 1 respiratory failure in a young immunocompetent patient of pulmonary tuberculosis without other risk factors. The patient was treated in an outpatient clinic with antibiotics and sent home She did not improve and her symptoms increased progressively over a period of one week. There was no history of tuberculosis in the family On examination, she was ill looking, conscious, febrile and tachypneic with a respiratory rate of 35 per minute. Patient is symptom free with no disease or drug related complications
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