Abstract
The interface and bond between concrete and reinforcing steel are the most fundamental problems of reinforced concrete structures. In this paper, the pull-out strength of galvanized steel strips with different geometries and hole patterns in foam concrete blocks are investigated experimentally and numerically. Foam concrete mixtures of 1,200-kg/m3 density were obtained by mixing cement and water in a mortar mixer together with ultrafoam as the foaming agent and Quick-Gel as the viscosifier. A theoretical model is developed to predict the bond-slip relationship between the strip and the concrete. This model is further implemented in a finite element simulation of the pull-out tests through the ABAQUS user subroutine. The results show good correlation between experimental, theoretical, and finite element simulation analyses. The influence of the steel strip geometries on the maximum pull-out force is also studied, and it was found that the strips with the greatest hole area, hole diameter, and circumference areas have higher pull-out forces and the increase is nearly linear.
Highlights
Stiffened plates are extensively used in various engineering structures
To fulfil the some of the lacunae mentioned above, this paper presents the extensive parametric study for free vibration characteristics of stiffened plate, such as fundamental frequency and mode shapes, by developing finite element code as per Nayak and Bandyopadhyay (2002)
The design charts can be prepared for different bst/h and, the values of bst can be chosen suitably by linear interpolation as per the requirement of the designers. Free vibration characteristics, such as fundamental frequency and mode shapes, of stiffened plate are investigated to study the effect of stiffeners employing standard finite element method
Summary
Stiffened plates are extensively used in various engineering structures. The technique of stiffening a plate by providing beams is rather common and it gives higher value of strength to weight ratio of the structure. To study the influence of stiffeners on the mode shapes of clamped plates with different number and orientation of stiffeners at equal spacing, eccentric stiffeners are taken with two different values of the stiffener depth to plate thickness ratio.
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