Abstract
Puerperal ovarian vein thrombophlebitis is a rare, but life-threatening complication. It often occurs at term after cesarean section or after operative vaginal delivery. According to the puerperal uterine drainage, the predominant location is the right ovarian vein. There is a lack of specific symptoms and signs. The diagnosis of ovarian vein thrombosis should be considered in all women with prolonged and unexplained fever postpartum. If prompt defervescence does not occur with aggressive intravenous antibiotic therapy, a computed tomography scan should be obtained in a timely manner. In uncomplicated cases a treatment trial with antibiotics and heparin intravenously in a therapeutic dosage should be undertaken. If this treatment is not successful within 48 h or if the patient exhibits thromboembolic complications or sepsis, operative therapy is recommended. The aim of the operation is to remove the clotted and infected foci. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis of this disease significantly.
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