Abstract

The two types of structures existing are the centralized and the decentralized structures, which can be found in various government, organizations management sectors etc. the decentralized systems prove to be more reliable than the centralized systems with various advantages like the fault tolerant, on time data delivery etc. The type of communication required in the decentralized systems is the asynchronous type which can be achieved by various methods like the including of middleware’s into the system. The services can be of message oriented middleware’s, message queuing or the publisher_subscriber services etc. In most scenario’s publisher_subscriber services are being used, involving the publisher entity (the message sender) publishing and the other is the subscriber entity (receiver) who subscribes. But these kind of systems have a lot of potential threats, like the middleman attack leading to the compromisation of the message confidentiality, authenticity of the message and even the anonymity of the end user. Other issues include the compromization of the third party in between .Various techniques and methods are have been proposed for eliminating these problems. Some Encryption techniques are used, cryptography is being used along other algorithms to solve various faults in the systems. Some new techniques and technologies are implemented like the use of blockchain which fulfils security requirements for the system.

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