PUBLIC SPACES IN THE AREAS OF SUBWAY STATIONS

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to consider the factors influencing on the features of architectural and urban organization of public spaces in the areas of subway stations as important resources for the development of their network in the structure of the largest cities in Ukraine. Public spaces are considered as publicly accessible areas of the city where informal communications and short-term recreation of citizens take place. The location of these objects in the structure of the transport and communication framework of the city creates the preconditions for the formation of a kind of integrated network of public spaces that perform a special communicative function of the city community. This determines the relevance of this work. The need for such spaces is defined by theoretical understanding and a professional approach to their creation. The study has identified the factors that affect the functional and planning parameters of public spaces in the areas of subway stations’ influence. They consist of three groups:
 - characteristics of the urban situation;
 - type and rank of the transport interchange;
 - the needs of passengers who use the subway station, adjacent public transport stations or visit the area for other reasons.
 The following conclusions have been made on the base of the study:
 
 In the zones of subway stations’ influence the locations are formed that fully correspond to the characteristics of "public spaces". These new functional and spatial formations are one of the complex and dynamic elements of the system of public spaces of the city which have significant potential for the formation of an integral network of spaces of this type.
 It has been improved the necessity of the spatial organization of public spaces in the areas of subway stations’ influence in order to optimize their functional and planning organization and landscaping.
 It has been defined and researched the factors of influence on the organization of public spaces which will allow to define receptions and principles of their functional and planning organization in various urban organization situations and features of formation of the given objects’ network.