Public perception about community reverse osmosis-treated water, its acceptability, and barriers in choice of safe drinking water

Abstract

Consumption of contaminated water may result in adverse health effects to the general public. A major source of drinking water in Punjab is groundwater, but there is increasing concern about the heavy metal contamination. To address the public health concern, government and private organizations installed several community reverse osmosis (RO) treatment plants to provide safe drinking water. The current study aims to assess the community perception before and after the installation of a community water treatment plant at a village in Punjab. Most of the study participants (83%) were found to be aware of the adverse health effects of unsafe drinking water but lack knowledge of metal toxicity leading to non-communicable diseases. Majority of the households (62%) use RO-treated water, whereas 38% of households prefer to use other water sources. Cost of RO water, taste, and increased distance of household from RO plant were identified as major barriers in the choice of safe drinking water. The issues can be addressed through proper information, education, and communication activities. Hence, there is a need to aware communities about water quality and sanitation, including sustainable uses of water. The study also highlights how to increase the sustainability of community RO water filtration plant. This will aid in achieving sustainable development goal six, which focuses on providing safe and affordable drinking water to all.