Public knowledge gaps on sleeve gastrectomy indications and complications in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia: implications for public education and healthcare delivery

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine public knowledge regarding the indications and complications of sleeve gastrectomy in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jazan region from March 10 to April 11, 2023. The participants included all individuals aged 18 years and older in the region. Convenience sampling and self-reported questionnaire were employed to assess knowledge of body mass index (BMI), sleeve gastrectomy indications, and associated complications. Results: A total of 712 individuals participated in the study. More than half were male; 34.4% were under 25 years old; 54.9% held bachelor\'s degrees, and 30.9% were students. Among the participants, 78.4% knew their BMI, with the highest awareness noted in the 26–35 year age group, females, and medical sector employees. Regarding awareness of sleeve gastrectomy indications, 51.5% believed it was indicated for a BMI > 40 kg/m2, 28.4% for a BMI > 30 kg/m2 with diabetes and other risk factors, and 24.7% for a BMI > 35 kg/m2 with chronic diseases. Concerning knowledge of sleeve gastrectomy complications, the most frequently reported complications were anemia (55.1%), weight regain (40.4%), leaking stomach contents (37.4%), and bleeding (37.1%). Conclusion: The level of awareness reported in this study was not satisfactory. The general public, particularly males and younger adults, require further education about the indications and acute complications of sleeve gastrectomy.