Abstract
After the Spanish Civil War, poor hygiene and nutritional deficiencies among a large part of Spain's population contributed to the rise of epidemic diseases. Exanthematic typhus posed a challenge to the health authorities, especially during the spring of 1941, when the epidemiological cycle of the disease and the lack of infrastructures combined to create a serious health crisis. The Franco regime, aware that this situation posed a threat to its legitimacy, promptly used social exclusion as part of its health policy against the epidemic. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the case of Valencia, a city that was behind Republican lines during the war, and therefore received successive waves of refugees as Franco's troops advanced.
Highlights
It is well-known that a population’s state of health is affected by biological factors but is closely linked to its political, economic and social situation
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the case of Valencia, a city that was behind Republican lines during the war, and received successive waves of refugees as Franco’s troops advanced
In Spain, that link became clearer after the Civil War (1936-1939), which left the majority of the country in poverty and put General Francisco Franco (1892-1975) in power
Summary
It is well-known that a population’s state of health is affected by biological factors but is closely linked to its political, economic and social situation. In Valencia, municipal anti-typhus measures followed one of three main points: creation of a health authority to control public and private space, exclusion of the most disadvantaged sectors of the population, and isolation and treatment for those affected.
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