Public Health Relevance of Sparganosis in Javan Spitting Cobra Snakes (Naja sputatrix): A Neglected Zoonotic Disease In Indonesia

Abstract

Sparganosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the spargana (larvae) of Spirometra sp. (Diphyllobothriidae).Snakeare particularly important intermediate hosts for the transmission of this parasite in Asia especiallyIndonesia. However, their role for sparganosis in javan spitting cobra (Najasputatrix) is unrecognized. Thisstudy aimsto investigate the infection of cobra snakes with Spirometra tapeworm in Banyuwangi, Indonesiawhere several local sellers have been identified recently sold snakes meat for culinary purposes. A totalof 37 cobra samples were bought from a localseller and euthanized. Then, continued with necropsy andparasitological examination. The result founds 71 plerocercoids within muscular and subcutaneous tissues andthe prevalence were recorded at 56,7%.Our finding is the first identification confirmed record of Spirometratape worm in javan spitting cobra in Indonesia. Since snakes are often a component of mammalian diet,they can be a source of Spirometra tapeworm infection in human and Indonesian wildlife. However, furtherstudies are needed to investigate the prevalence ofinfection in other reptiles and amphibian hosts.