Public art as an artistic way of development of the architectural and urban environment

Abstract

The article considers public art as an artistic direction that contributes to the restoration and development of the architectural and urban environment. The analysis of artistic forms of art of the end of the 20th century revealed the trends of multidisciplinarity and going beyond the artistic infrastructure into the public architectural and urban environment. Moreover, public art objects are actively introduced into the environment of super-large cities of Ukraine and only partially into the environment of other cities. The existence and rapid development of these objects is a sign of a modern super-large city with a developed architectural and urban environment and integration into the world cultural process. Public art is a form of contemporary art that interacts interactively with the viewer, raising questions about contemporary art and the space in which it is placed. Modern forms of public art were analyzed and four principles of public art were identified as a result of the systematization of existing information. These are the principles of interactivity, conceptuality, digitalization, creativity. Their harmonious combination helps to develop a friendly space in accordance with the individual needs of a person and to form an emotional interactive architectural and urban environment with a unique atmosphere and social messages. Such modern artistic mediums as installations, happenings and performances permeate the four formulated principles of public art, mainly focusing not on the result, but on the process of creation and the emotional component of the environment. They are mixed genres of visual art that use objects of public art or the artist's body to interact and change people's perception of public space. It should be noted that the development of media technologies has led to the creation of public art objects not only in physical, but also in virtual space, covering, in addition to land art and environment, also digital, conceptual and light art. This allows considering and developing the artificial space and public environment as a multi-level interactive open system with a developed cultural context that interacts with people in space and time.