Abstract

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory led a survey of 1,729 individuals located within 8 km of utility scale wind turbines in the United States. The survey included respondents around both large and small wind projects throughout the country. The survey focused on social acceptance, procedural and distributional justice, landscape and sound perceptions and annoyance, and compensation. A total of 15 of the wind projects were modeled to estimate the sound levels at each respondent’s home. Modeled metrics included background sound levels, maximum one-hour sound levels, percentage of time the respondent is downwind of a turbine, and a long-term sound level estimate using the local wind project capacity factor. Statistical analyses were conducted to estimate the acoustical drivers (sound level and sound level difference above background) toward the propensity for annoyance, and how these were affected by non-acoustic factors (e.g., compensation, prior attitude toward the project, visibility, etc.).

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