Abstract
Various mechanisms including polyol pathway along with a complex integrating paradigm with oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGE) formation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The present study was aimed at investigating a well known antioxidant, pterostilbene for its therapeutic role in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. The effect of pterostilbene was investigated by assessing the key markers of kidney function along with the morphological changes in the kidney. Further, the effect of pterostilbene on the formation of AGEs, aldose reductase (AR) inhibition and lipid peroxidation was compared with that of a standard AR inhibitor, fidarestat. The results revealed that pterostilbene significantly decreased the blood glucose levels, urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in diabetic rats. Administration of pterostilbene to diabetic rats decreased kidney lipid peroxides and nitrate levels along with decrease in AGEs formation. In addition, pterostilbene was found to inhibit kidney AR activity with a decrease in serum TGF β levels. Thus, the results obtained in this study underline the potential of pterostilbene as a possible therapeutic agent against diabetic complications such as nephropathy.
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