法藏敦煌藏文寫卷P.T.980考釋

Abstract

The Dunhuang manuscript P.T.980 was given an official name in 2009’s Tibetan documents from dunhuang in the bibliotheeque nationale de france. (vol. 9) as byang chub sems dpav yul vkhor skyong gis zhus pavi mdo/ “Da baoji jing: Di shiba huguo pusa suowen jing”. Because of some difference between this given name and the names stated in Tibetan Tripiṭaka and Taishō Tripiṭaka, there commonly has a misunderstanding that this manuscript has direct connection with Dānapāla’s Chinese translation of Fushuo huguo zunzhe suowen dasheng jing in mid 10th century; other assumptions may refer this name to the prefaces of other manuscripts. As for the diction of its Buddhist scriptures, there is a considerable relevance with Jnānagupta’s Chinese translation in mid 6th century. The length of P.T.980 corresponds to that of the Tibetan translation of bam po gnyis pa gleng gzhivi levu, a joint translation by Jinamitra and Ye shes sde in mid 9th century. Many Buddhist scriptures included in Rāṣṭrapālaparipṛcchā are consisted of both Tibetan and Chinese translation and most of their content and structure resemble the translation by Jnānagupta; P.T.980 is not an exception. As a result, this paper intends to discuss whether the Dunhuang manuscript P. T. 980 is directly translated from Jnānagupta’s Chinese translation of Da baoji jing: Huguo pusa hui (T 310.18). Since there was not any studies focused on this manuscript, there is a introduction of the documents and features of this manuscript in the second chapter, which can help the reader understand the original language and Romanize them. The third chapter contains a comparison between P.T.980, the Tibetan translation of Ye shes sde, the Chinese translation of Jnānagupta and the Chinese translation of Dānapāla, from which we can see the features of the Tibetan translation of P.T.980.By analysis, we can see P.T.980 is similar to Jnānagupta’s Chinese translation in their additions and deletions of words and their changes and sequences of sentences. Supplemented by the analysis of their differences, we can make a certain conclusion that P.T.980 is a direct translation from Jnānagupta’s Chinese translation. This research can be helpful for the study of the Tibetan Dunhuang manuscript that are translated from Chinese.