Abstract
Pt@Bi-TiO2 photocatalysts with different Bi (0–5 wt%) and Pt (0–2 wt%) contents were prepared by a two-step sol-gel and photo-deposition technique and were used in photo-reduction of CO2. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), nitrogen sorption measurement (BET), Raman spectroscopy, Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). CO2 photo-reduction results revealed that the introduction of Bi into TiO2 structure and subsequent loading of Pt on its surface significantly increased the methane yield. Modified TiO2 with 3 wt% of Bi and 1.5 wt% of Pt resulted in the highest methane yield (20.6 μmol/g) that was about 6.2 times greater than pure TiO2. Enhanced CO2 adsorption on Bi-containing phases along with efficient charge separation caused by Pt nanoparticles was responsible for the superior activity in converting CO2 into methane.
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