Pt(II) Complexes of a Combretastatin A-4 Analogous Chalcone: Effects of Conjugation on Cytotoxicity, Tumor Specificity, and Long-Term Tumor Growth Suppression

Abstract

Three dichlorido(6-aminomethylnicotinate)platinum complexes 6 comprising a combretastatin A-4 analogous chalcone were tested on a panel of 21 tumor cell lines from 9 entities. Parent chalcone 1a and the directly linked conjugate 6a exhibited excellent antiproliferative activities, similar in magnitude [average log(IC(50)) values of -7.3 (1a) and -7.0 (6a)] and cell line specificity but slightly different in the mechanism of apoptosis induction. While 1a and 6a caused an equally fast rise in caspase-9 in the tested cancer cell lines, the downstream effector caspase-3 built up faster in cells treated with 1a compared to 6a, yet reached an equal end level. They also had different long-term effects on the regrowth of cancer cells treated with a single dose. In contrast, conjugates 6b,c featuring longer spacers between the Pt complex and the chalcone moieties were less antiproliferative than 6a.