Psychotic-like experiences are associated with physical disorders in general population: A cross-sectional study from the NESARC II

Abstract

BackgroundPsychotic-like experiences (PLEs) constitute subthreshold symptoms of psychotic disorders, and belong to five distinct dimensions: Positive, Negative, Depressive, Mania and Disorganization. PLEs are associated with various psychiatric disorders. However, few studies examined their association with physical disorders. ObjectiveOur aims were (1) to assess the associations between various physical disorders and PLEs in a U.S. representative sample, and (2) to examine these associations according to the five dimensions of PLEs. MethodWe used data from the wave II (2004–2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-II), a large national sample representative of the US population (N = 34,653). Participants were assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule 4. Twenty-two PLEs were examined. Lifetime prevalence and adjusted Odds-Ratio (aOR) reflecting the association of sixteen physical disorders (including notably metabolic conditions and heart diseases) with PLEs were calculated. ResultsAll studied physical disorders were associated with the presence of PLEs. Particularly the presence of any physical condition, any heart disease and diabetes were more frequent in participants with at least one PLE compared with the group without any PLE (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.62–1.87, aOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.33–1.55 and aOR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.24–1.54, respectively). Almost all physical disorders were associated with the five dimensions of PLEs. ConclusionsPLEs were associated with a large range of physical disorders, with a gradual dose effect. To assess PLEs in the general population could help with the screening of subjects with physical disorders.