Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) at fuel stations in Accra and test the paths via which PSC predicts health and safety of the attendants. We surveyed 876 conveniently sampled attendants from four major Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs). A questionnaire derived from three pre-existing ones (PSC-12, Job Content Questionnaire and Short Form Health Survey) was used for data collection. It yielded composite reliability between 0.91 and 0.95. Partial Least Squared-Structural Equation Model was used for analysis. Results shows a high risk of (36.08) PSC perception among the attendants. PSC directly, and indirectly, via the path of job resources, predict health and safety of the attendants. Job demands have significant direct influence on health and safety with its path being the strongest (r = -0.66) and most significant (t = 39.48, p = 0.00) compared with PSC (r = 0.16) and job resources (r = -0.12). The health, safety and well-being of the fuel station attendants appears to be preserved where management takes practical steps to raise PSC of the fuel stations and supervisor provides increased support for the attendants. An increase in PSC is most likely to cause increase in supervisor support to the attendants. In such stations, daily productivity is more likely to increase due to well-being of the workers.
Highlights
Several researchers attempted to understand the workplace factors that are having effects on the health and safety of the workers [1, 2, 3, 4]
The aim of this study was to measure the level of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and explore the paths via which it influences the health and safety status of fuel station attendants
The results revealed an average PSC mean score of 36.08 at the fuel stations surveyed
Summary
Several researchers attempted to understand the workplace factors that are having effects on the health and safety of the workers [1, 2, 3, 4]. Until recently [3, 5], the majority of these studies have focused on the workplace machinery and behaviours of the workers [3, 6] Many of these studies linked workers’ health and safety to the provision of safety devices, personal protective equipment (PPE), safety training and education [7], safety policy enforcement and availability of safety committee and unions. Measurement tools to score or improve workplace safety climate are inconsistent (4, 7) It is not clear how organisations can assess the influence of safety climate without placing safety behaviour of workers at the center. The theory of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and its studies have emerged as optimal alternative [3, 6]
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