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Abstract
Objectives: To identify psychosocial factors present in patients with venous leg ulcers and the association that these factors have in the healing of venous leg ulcers. Methods: An integrative review of the quantitative studies in MEDLINE, Scielo and Cochrane Library databases, between 2008 and 2019, using the keywords, psychosocial factors, venous ulcer, wound healing, anxiety and depression in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: sixteen studies were included. The psychosocial factors present in patients with venous ulcers were depression, anxiety, feelings of helplessness, subjective well-being, self-esteem, loneliness and spirituality. Stress, a negative perception of venous ulcer, living alone and severe experience of symptoms such as pain and depression have statistically significant associations with longer periods of healing. Conclusions: Depression is one of the most frequently measured factors and present in this population. The available evidence on the association of psychosocial factors with the healing of venous ulcers is low.
Highlights
Venous ulcers (VUs) constitute between 75 and 80% of all lower limb ulcers
The objective of this review is to identify, based on quantitative studies, what the psychosocial factors present in VU patients are, as well as the association that these factors have in the healing of this type of wound
In accordance with the objectives of this review, the results are synthesized in terms of search results, description of studies, psychosocial factors in VU patients, association of psychosocial factors with VU cure and implications for nursing practice
Summary
Venous ulcers (VUs) constitute between 75 and 80% of all lower limb ulcers. They are the most advanced clinical manifestation of long-standing ambulatory venous hypertension, due to venous reflux caused by valve incompetence and venous obstruction[1]. VUs, as any other chronic condition, demand prolonged nursing care, significant lifestyle changes, adherence to therapeutic regimens that include the use of compression therapy, maintenance and preventive strategies that promote VU healing and prevent its recurrence, such as leg elevation, weight control, physical activity, skin care, protection against injuries, emotion management, social support, among others[3,8]
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