Abstract
This study proposed a plan for implementing a pleasant and healthy indoor landscape in subway station space. To this end, it established a 3D landscape model of the subway interior by reviewing previous studies on indoor landscape and the greenness index of indoor spaces. Moreover, it investigated and analyzed psychophysiological responses of users to environmental indoor landscape design in subway station space. Subway stations were classified as underground subway stations and ground subway stations according to the presence of natural light inflow. The greenness index of indoor spaces was also divided into four types of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Through this process, eight 3D landscape models of the subway interior were implemented. In addition, this study investigated psychophysiological responses of 60 male and female adults in their 20 s and 30 s using the models implemented. The investigation result was analyzed based on a frequency analysis, the χ2 test, T-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multidimensional scaling, which were performed in SPSS Statistics 25. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, physiological responses of research subjects were analyzed based on their prefrontal α wave asymmetric values. The analytic result showed that the environment where interior landscape was adopted produced more positive effects than the environment where interior landscape was not adopted. Second, psychological responses of research subjects were examined based on their greenness index preference, awareness of interior landscape area, attention restoration effect, and space images. The analytic result indicated that, among eight 3D landscape models of the subway interior, they preferred the model with the greenness index of 15% for underground subway stations. In addition, they preferred the model with the greenness index of 10% the most for ground subway stations.
Highlights
The Ministry of Environment has prepared guidelines for developing ecological landscape of underground spaces according to Article 43 (2) of the Natural Environmental Conservation Act in 2009 and prescribed requirements to effectively create a green belt in underground spaces such as subways, which are regarded as important living spaces in the city [2]
This study proposed a plan for implementing a desirable interior landscape in subway station spaces to enhance environmental conditions and increase user satisfaction
We developed 3D landscape models of the subway interior and investigated the psychophysiological responses of research subjects based on the models (Figure 1)
Summary
The Ministry of Environment has prepared guidelines for developing ecological landscape of underground spaces according to Article 43 (2) of the Natural Environmental Conservation Act in 2009 and prescribed requirements to effectively create a green belt in underground spaces such as subways, which are regarded as important living spaces in the city [2]. This shows that there is a need to improve existing closed and complex subway stations and propose strategies to modify subway stations for creating pleasant environments. This is accomplished by providing human perspectives of interior spaces and utilizing the evaluation method of the GI via a 3D model, unlike the existing 2D measurements
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