Abstract
BackgroundAdaptive capacity may serve as an indicator of the individuals’ coping behaviors toward illness management and may contribute to day-to-day living with chronic illness and improved quality of life. Practical and well-constructed instruments for measuring adaptation have not been adequately explored. An English 15-item Coping and Adaptation Processing–Short Form (CAPS-SF) for assessing adaptation has been created and validated in line with the underlying tenets of Coping and Adaptation Processing theory, but there is no applicable Chinese version.MethodsThe CAPS-SF was translated and culturally adapted into simplified Chinese. Among Chinese adults with chronic illness, 81 patients were selected for cultural adaptation and 288 patients were approached for psychometric testing. Content validity was evaluated by an expert panel. Construct validity was tested by confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity and predictive validity were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and test–retest coefficients. Floor/ceiling effect was calculated.ResultsAdequate content validity was ensured by the expert panel. A four-factor structure (resourceful and focused, self-initiated and knowing-based, physical and fixed, and positive and systematic) describing individuals’ coping strategies was identified and verified. Concurrent validity and predictive validity were demonstrated by strong correlations with the confrontation of coping mode (r = 0.46) and a quality-of-life measure (r = 0.58). The McDonald’s omega coefficient of total scale was 0.82. Split-half reliability and test–retest reliability were 0.87 and 0.87. No floor/ceiling effect was present.ConclusionThe Chinese version CAPS-SF is a theoretically based and culturally acceptable instrument with sound psychometric properties. Further studies are advocated to refine its four-factor structure.
Highlights
Chronic illness is of long duration and generally slow progression (Corbin and Strauss, 1991; Ambrosio et al, 2015)
Among Chinese adults with chronic illness, 81 patients were selected for cultural adaptation and 288 patients were approached for psychometric testing
Four bilingual translators accurately translated the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS)-SFC, which was confirmed by our eight-member research group
Summary
Chronic illness is of long duration and generally slow progression (Corbin and Strauss, 1991; Ambrosio et al, 2015). Because of advancements in health care and increased life expectancy, many individuals will be living with one or more chronic diseases (Suls et al, 2019). The challenges of living with chronic illness require an individual to find new ways of coping to adapt to their altered health state. Coping strategies are beneficial for the mitigation of disabilities, the improvement of health outcomes, and the enhancement of the quality of life (De Ridder et al, 2008; Ambrosio et al, 2015; Livneh, 2015; Cheng et al, 2019) thereby facilitating adaptation to illness. Adaptive capacity may serve as an indicator of the individuals’ coping behaviors toward illness management and may contribute to day-to-day living with chronic illness and improved quality of life. An English 15-item Coping and Adaptation Processing–Short Form (CAPS-SF) for assessing adaptation has been created and validated in line with the underlying tenets of Coping and Adaptation Processing theory, but there is no applicable Chinese version
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