Abstract
Insufficient sleep could severely impair both cognitive and learning skills. More prominent changes are found in children and adolescents. Tools used to estimate sleepiness in the adult population are commonly inappropriate for children. The objective of our study was to provide a reliable instrument to measure excessive sleepiness for upcoming studies in Russian-speaking children, applying the Russian version of Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). The following tasks were resolved in our study: translation, validation, and analysis of psychometric properties of the Russian adaptation of the PDSS by standard tests. After the semantic validation of the instrument through a multi-stage translation process we checked its psychometric validation. A total of 552 students, consisting of N = 285 for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), N = 267 for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and N = 204 for test-retest analysis of public elementary schools located in Northern Russia completed the PDSS and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire to estimate sleep parameters in the classroom during the lessons. Response rate was 90%; excluded cases contained no data. Further, 204 of our participants completed the PDSS in a 3 months interval to check the test-retest reliability. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficients and CFA was used to test factorial validity of the tool. Concurrent validity and test-retest reliability were assessed via intra-class coefficient. Internal consistency of the PDSS scale was high (Cronbach's α = 0.8). The construct validity of the PDSS was supported by CFA (factor loadings were from 0.438 to 0.727) and the test-retest reliability demonstrated by the intra-class coefficient was 0.70. The total PDSS score was independent of sex. The mean total value of PDSS was 11.95 ± 6.24. Higher scores on PDSS were negatively correlated with sleep duration. Thus, the construct validity of the instrument remains valid and could be used for Russian-speaking youth samples in the evaluation of daytime sleepiness. It could be useful in future applications by sleep scientists and health practitioners.
Highlights
Latest recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation propose that children need at least 7 h of sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al, 2015)
Daytime sleepiness is excessive among children and adolescents, which is of great concern for health and education professionals in recent years (Dorofaeff and Denny, 2006)
We found that Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) scores correlated with age and daytime sleep episodes
Summary
Latest recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation propose that children need at least 7 h of sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al, 2015). As sleep loss and sleep disorders have severe consequences for adolescents, there is an urgent need for available and sensitive measures of sleepiness for use in this age group This could help with the identification of at-risk individuals and to track treatment progress over time. The PDSS contains eight questions concerning sleep-related behaviors for which the frequency of these behaviors is rated on a 5-point Likert scale It is a self-assessment that verifies some situations related to sleeping habits and problems (Pereira et al, 2010), as well as the attention of adolescents (Perez-Lloret et al, 2013). To complete the study goal, the PDSS was distributed to a larger children cohort to establish the reliability of the tool
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
