Psychometric properties of the mammography self-efficacy and fear of breast cancer scales in Iranian women

Mahdi Moshki,Shole Shahgheibi,Deam Roshani,Parvaneh Taymoori,Amjad Moradi,Cheryl L Holt

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4404-7

Abstract

BackgroundResearch investigating mammography screening has often reported low mammography self-efficacy and breast cancer fear contribute to underutilization of mammography. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of Champion’s Mammography Self-efficacy Scale (CMSS) and Champion’s Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CBCFS) in a sample of Iranian women.MethodsThe adapted instruments were administered to a community sample of 482 women aged 40 years or older. They inhibited in Sanandaj, Iran. Cronbach’s α coefficients, item-total, and test-retest correlations were used to assess the reliability of the scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to assess construct validity.ResultsThe α coefficients for the Farsi 14-item CMSS and 8-item BCFS were .87 and.95, respectively. In terms of the CMSS confirmatory factor analysis, the proportion of x2/df was 2.4, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.93, Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.96 providing a strong fit to the data induced by two-factor model. With regard to CBCFS, x2/df was 86.33, CFI =0.99, and TLI =0.99 supporting one-factor model.ConclusionThe CMSS and CBCFS exhibited strong initial psychometric properties; therefore, they are recommended to understand women’s breast cancer screening behaviors better.

Highlights

Research investigating mammography screening has often reported low mammography self-efficacy and breast cancer fear contribute to underutilization of mammography
This paper aimed to describe the cultural adaptation and validation of Farsi versions of Champion’s Mammography Self-efficacy Scale (CMSS) and Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CBCFS) [13]
It is the first study where investigators tested the psychometric properties of a translated Farsi version of breast cancer fear among Iranian women

Summary

Introduction

Research investigating mammography screening has often reported low mammography self-efficacy and breast cancer fear contribute to underutilization of mammography. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of Champion’s Mammography Self-efficacy Scale (CMSS) and Champion’s Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CBCFS) in a sample of Iranian women. It is believed that the higher mortality and lower 5-years survival rate for breast cancer in Iranian women [1] might arise from inadequate use of mammography as a screening method resulting in detection of larger tumors at later stages. There is no nationwide population-based breast cancer screening program in Iran. Increasing mammography use might be the most effective population wide approach to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with breast cancer [6]

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