Abstract
Background: The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is a commonly used tool for evaluation of job burnout in three (personal, work-related and client-related) domains. The aims of this study were to translate and investigate the psychometric properties of the Iranian (Persian) CBI. Methods: A total of 750 employees of different occupations (from educational centres, healthcare, industrial settings, and social services) participated in this descriptive methodological study. A forward-backward procedure was applied and content validity was evaluated by a panel of10 experts. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used for construct validity. The internal consistency (using Cronbach’s alpha), test-retest reliability (using intraclass correlation coefficient – ICC), and feasibility (using ceiling and floor effect) were also assessed for this tool. Results: Content validity of the Persian CBI was established. Three-factor structure of the PersianCBI was supported by the factor analysis, and this confirmed the construct validity of the instrument. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.82 to 0.90) and test-retest reliability (ICC ranged from 0.85 to 0.95) were excellent and there was no ceiling or floor effect.Conclusion: The Persian CBI is a valid and reliable measurement tool for burnout in the Iranian context.
Highlights
Occupational burnout has many negative consequences in family, social and individual life as well as in organizations and work environments, and is a key factor associated with absenteeism, job cracks, sequential delays, various complaints, job changes, and interpersonal conflicts with colleagues.[1,2,3] Burnout has different definitions, but the most commonly used is “a state of physical, emotional, or mental exhaustion caused by long-term involvement in situations that are emotionally demanding”.1 The concept of burnout was introduced in the psychosocial literature during the 1970s
According to Maslach and Jackson: “burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who do ‘people work’ of some kind”
Construct validity Exploratory factor analysis The results showed that the KMO measure of sampling accuracy was 0.941, which justifies the sufficiency of
Summary
Occupational burnout has many negative consequences in family, social and individual life as well as in organizations and work environments, and is a key factor associated with absenteeism, job cracks, sequential delays, various complaints, job changes, and interpersonal conflicts with colleagues.[1,2,3] Burnout has different definitions, but the most commonly used is “a state of physical, emotional, or mental exhaustion caused by long-term involvement in situations that are emotionally demanding”.1 The concept of burnout was introduced in the psychosocial literature during the 1970s. According to Maslach and Jackson: “burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who do ‘people work’ of some kind” According to this definition, burnout is limited to human service work and its associated factors (e.g., high emotional load).[2] Burnout syndrome was initially introduced for the service professions (e.g., healthcare workers, teachers, etc) and has been generally evaluated through Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).[5] The MBI has been developed to assess burnout syndrome based on three consequences: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal fulfilment.[6,7] such a condition is only associated with stressful working conditions independent of the relationship with other people.[3]. Conclusion: The Persian CBI is a valid and reliable measurement tool for burnout in the Iranian context
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