Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to translate the Brief-Mindful Self-Care Scale (B-MSCS) into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among hospice nurses.Methods: A total of 510 hospice nurses were recruited from three provinces in China. The reliability of the translated scale was measured by internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability. The validity of the translated scale was evaluated by expert consultation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The Cronbach's α value of the Chinese version of B-MSCS was 0.920, and the Cronbach's α value of the dimensions ranged from 0.850 to 0.933. The split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were 0.770 and 0.723, respectively. Furthermore, the content validity index of the scale (S-CVI) was 0.946. The 6-factor structure, supported by the eigenvalues, total variance explained, and scree plot were obtained by using exploratory factor analysis. Moreover, as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the model fitting indexes were all in the acceptable range.Conclusion: The Chinese version of B-MSCS had suitable reliability and validity among hospice nurses. The developed scale will evaluate the level of mindful self-care of Chinese hospice nurses, providing an opportunity for development of targeted educational plans. Each item is a direct guide for hospice nurses to develop their mindful self-care practice.
Highlights
Hospice nurses often have compassion satisfaction in their hospice nursing practice
The study results showed that 18% of hospice nurses met the criteria for compassionate fatigue and suffered from different degrees of insomnia and depression (Kase et al, 2019)
10 respondents per item were required to ensure the accuracy of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis
Summary
Long-term exposure to death situations can cause compassion fatigue (Hotchkiss and CookCottone, 2019), often described as the negative cost of hospice care (Barrett et al, 2019). The negative emotions can cause them to experience low energy levels, difficulty concentrating, unwanted images or thoughts, insomnia, stress, and desensitization, and even potentially substance abuse, depression and suicide in the long term (Pérez-García et al, 2021). It is urgent for hospice nurses to find correlative factors to counter the negative emotions caused by compassion fatigue in the nursing practice. Six domains were evaluated: mindful relaxation, physical care, self-compassion and purpose, supportive relationships, supportive structure, and mindful awareness. The higher the total score, the higher the level of mindful self-care. The Cronbach’s α value of the dimensions were 0.77–0.86
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