Psychologické aspekty a možnosti psychologických intervencií u pacientov s nešpecifickými zápalovými ochoreniami čreva

Abstract

Psychological aspects of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) were given less attention in the social space of former Czechoslovak countries. The possibilities of psychological care for patients with IBD have to be re-evaluated due to the new worldwide trends in the management of IBD. In the complex management of IBD treatment arises a demand after psychologist as a helping member of the gastroenterological team in order to be available for patients, as well as to consult the cases with the specialists. In the following article we described psychological interventions (psychotherapeutic techniques), whose effectivity as a supplemental treatment in patients with IBD was examined. Recently, several studies on the effectivity of psychological interventions in patients with IBD have already been available. This trend is in accordance with a bio­psychosocial model of patients‘ care. Promising results were observed in psychotherapeutic techniques which use the work with body feelings, relieving the tension and relaxation training. The presence of psychologist and psychological guidance in difficult periods during chronic diseases such as IBD appears to be helpful. Patients with a psychiatric comorbidity tend to have worse course of disease. It is important to identify the patients who are in need of psychological care, mostly the ones with trauma anamnesis. Overcoming traumatic experience may provide positive impact on the disease course.