Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as an infectious disease, is now prevalent in many countries around the world, which has recently led many governments to home quarantine and impose penalties for violating quarantine. Concerns and stress caused by lockdown and social isolation led to personal and interactive reactions in some families, which are also culturally important to address. This study was administrated to study the psychological well-being and the effect of home quarantine on marital satisfaction (MS) and parental burnout (PB) from parenting responsibilities during the prevalence of COVID-19 in Iranian parents. A total of 213 parents (140 mothers and 73 fathers) voluntarily participated in the online survey in the period of February to mid-April 2020 and completed the 5-item index of the well-being of the World Health Organization (WHO-5), the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS), and the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). The results showed that the effect of home quarantine on MS and PB was not significant in parents (p > 0.01). The interactive effect of home quarantine and gender was not significant on MS and PB (p > 0.01). In addition, the mothers significantly reported higher PB than the fathers, but the fathers had higher scores in MS and psychological well-being (p < 0.01). The effect of some demographic factors on the studied variables was also significant. Supportive resources in family-based culture may play an essential role to reduce the negative effects of stressful situations on family interactions.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as an infectious disease, is recognized as a highly prevalent disease that affects a large number of people, especially the elderly and people with a background of health problems (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020)
From 215 parents who participated in this study with the exclusion of two mothers who had experienced death caused by COVID-19 in the family, a total of 213 parents remained, of whom 140 only mothers and 73 only fathers participated throughout Iran, and 91 parents were from Tehran, and the rest of them were from different cities
In testing Hypothesis 1, the analysis of variances in Table 2 showed that the effect of home quarantine was not significant on marital satisfaction (MS), F(1,211) = 1.32, p > 0.25, η2 = 0.006, and parental burnout (PB) too, F(1,211) = 0.26, p > 0.61, η2 = 0.001
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as an infectious disease, is recognized as a highly prevalent disease that affects a large number of people, especially the elderly and people with a background of health problems (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020). Since Iranian culture is a culture based on family and kinship interactions, it imposed severe restrictions on an individuals’ access to relatives and friends’ networks; worry, death anxiety, and feelings of hopelessness were among the concerns raised in people’s contacts with the counseling section of the Welfare Organization (Welfare Organization of Iran [WOI], 2020) Such a condition, as an external, major, non-normal, out of control and unpredictable stressor to cope, has been unprecedented in the history of the world and has led to different forms of self-isolation and can cause different behavioral and emotional reactions (Gallagher, 2020) in different individuals with different cultural backgrounds. The side costs of staying at home for a long time, such as multiplying the caring responsibilities of spouse and children (Long, 2020), are a matter of consideration
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