Abstract
Headache is one of the most common complaints among university students due to the lifestyle they lead and the academic and social burdens they have. The present study aims to identify the differences between Tension-Type Headache (TTH) and healthy university students regarding psychological stress, self-compassion, and self-punishment. It covered a sample of tension-type headache and healthy students visiting the medical center and university clinic at Umm Al-Qura University and University of Jeddah numbered (235) and aged (18-40) years. To achieve the study objectives, an analytical descriptive approach was adopted. A TTH scale and a psychological stress scale, prepared by the author, in addition to a self-compassion scale and a self-punishment scale were applied. Results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the means of TTH and healthy students at the level of (0.01) on the scales of psychological stress, self-compassion, and self-punishment in favor of students with TTH. The study recommends developing consulting programs to reduce psychological stress, self-compassion, self-punishment, and their somatic symptoms among university students.
Highlights
Rapid and complicated changes in life, social, and economic styles have resulted in the prevalence of chronic and persistent diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, Tension-Type Headache (TTH), and diabetes affecting human activity and psychosomatic health
The present study aims to identify the differences between TTH and healthy university students regarding psychological stress, self-compassion, and self-punishment at Umm Al-Qura University and University of Jeddah
Does the degree of self-punishment differ according to health status (TTH- healthy students)?
Summary
Rapid and complicated changes in life, social, and economic styles have resulted in the prevalence of chronic and persistent diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, TTH, and diabetes affecting human activity and psychosomatic health. People are prone to psychological stress resulting from the daily life's complications and problems that require immediate solutions They tends more to self-punishment and self-compassion causing many psychosomatic diseases and TTH. Neff (2003) has coined the concept of self-compassion and developed a scale to measure it It includes a basic domain of self-construction, an important trait of the positive personality, and a barrier to the negative implications of stressful life events, especially when a person encounters failure or personal incompetence in resolving personal problems (Abdurrahman et al, 2015; Almenshawy, 2016). It may be noted that patients with TTH may be stressful, hard workers, achievement and mastery seekers, and highly self-critical (Alkhaled, 2005; Shoqer, 2002) They may find it hard to express their feelings and have limited imagination, infrequent dreams, and absorption of the details of external events. The present study aims to identify the differences between TTH and healthy university students regarding psychological stress, self-compassion, and self-punishment at Umm Al-Qura University and University of Jeddah
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