Psychological Safety of the Individual in Normal and Extreme Conditions of Professional Activity: Neurophysiological Aspects

Olha Lazorko,Anna Kulchytska,Oksana Borysenko,Nataliia Panchuk,Roman Khavula,Olha Borysiuk

doi:10.18662/brain/13.1/287

Abstract

Psychological signs of professional safety in special conditions of professional activity are considered in the context of comparison of specificity of performance of professional activity in normal and special (extreme) conditions and disclosure of specific requirements to experts of professions of risk group are considered. It is noted that human activity in special conditions is associated with mental stress and is often accompanied by stress. The purpose of the study is to summarize, classify and determine the relevance of the Ukrainian theory and practice of occupational safety against the background of the latest trends and challenges. It is emphasized that the process of overcoming an emotionally stressful situation depends on the mental states of a person, the integral characteristic of which in certain conditions forms a neuro-functional state; the algorithm of the analysis of stay of the person in emotionally-tense situations is considered; outlined quantitative and qualitative indicators of the result of activities in special conditions that determine its quality, productivity and reliability; the content of the professional norm, the main figure of observance of which is a person is determined. It is stated that performing professional activities in special conditions is often combined with danger to health and life. Appearance of stressful situations, require the employee to use individual resources (personal, cognitive, social and instrumental) to overcome them. Ensuring human life in special conditions requires the use of adaptive resources of the specialist, which ensure the activation of productive processes, and determine the construct of occupational health of the individual specialist.

Highlights

Personal safety issues occupy one of the leading places in the field of neurophysiology, general psychology and psychology of the safety of professional activity
This contradiction raises the question of the determinants of professional realization, where the central position is occupied by the problem of professional safety of the specialist
Professional productivity provides an opportunity for activity, choice, responsibility, gaining positive experience during professional activities, as well as the formation of value orientations that determine the level of personal activity and focus (Korolchuk, M. 2002 & Malkova, T. 2014, et al). These theories directly correlate with the views of foreign scientists regarding professional reliability and are responsible for adequate methods and techniques of self-regulation, the level of formation of regulatory systems of different levels and the degree of adequacy of ideas about their state and psychophysical capabilities (Lager, 1974 & Park, 1987, etc.). In these characteristics of activity in special conditions, the main attention is paid to manifestations of professional reliability, which is mainly considered in the framework of the activity of a person-operator and is determined by the degree of erroneous actions or their absence, the probability and sequence of their occurrence, Chebykin A. (1989) or through the category of person-operator performance, in which it is defined as the property to maintain stable performance in certain modes and conditions of work, Venda V. (1983)

Summary

Introduction

Personal safety issues occupy one of the leading places in the field of neurophysiology, general psychology and psychology of the safety of professional activity. In Ukrainian sources there are a number of concepts related to the characteristics of professional safety of the individual: professional adaptability, neuropsychological stability and stress (coping behavior), professional mobility, ability to work, professional maturity, professional identity, etc They contain an understanding of the level of general readiness of a specialist for the corresponding professional activity We will try to solve the main goal of the theoretical research using the methods of generalization, comparison, extrapolation to modern globalization conditions: to carry out the rethink the views of Ukrainian occupational safety specialists and exclude current scientific and effective theories. In our opinion, this will help to eliminate traditional mechanistic. Approaches to human security and to establish a subjective and centric paradigm in the Eastern European security theory

Modern neuroscientific approaches to personal and professional safety

Conclusions