Abstract
The article presents the results of the study to determine the predictors of the formation and development of personal identity of older preschool children. The conceptual basis of the study is the assumption that the formation of triangulatory relations internalized in the personality structure of maternal and paternal objects is an important prerequisite for the development of a holistic, stable, differentiated personality. The purpose: to highlight the results of empirical analysis of features and to determine the factors of formation and development of personal identity of older preschool children.Methods: biographical, semi-structured interview, analysis of family narratives; test of M. Kuhn and T. McPartland “Who I am?”, “Three trees”, “Compose a fairy tale”; H. Olson, J. Portner, I. Lavi “FASES-3”, “Interaction of parents and the child” of I. Markovska; E. Eidemiller’s “Analysis of Family Interaction”; “Scale of rejection of the child in the family” of A. Barkan; content analysis; methods of mathematical statistics SPSS-17. As a result of a factor analysis parameters of the family system, identification with the maternal or paternal object, four factors were identified: ability to triangulatory relations, stability/instability of personal identity of older preschool children, neutral selfattitude, factor of prerequisites for the formation of personal identity.Thus, in the course of the study it was determined that the formation of personal identity of a child of older preschool age is determined by the correlation between the place that the child occupies in the system of human relationships, and above all in the system of family relationships, and psychological features which have already been formed.
Highlights
At different times, research on the development of the child's personality took place in accordance with the socio-political and economic situation, ideological accents, scientific priorities of researchers
In order to determine the main factors that characterize the peculiarities of the formation of personal identity of older preschool children, a factor analysis of the obtained data on the manifestation of these phenomena was performed
The results of the factor analysis determined the predictors of the formation and development of personal identity of older preschool children: the ability to triangulatory relations, stability/instability of personal identity of older preschool children, neutral selfattitude, a factor in the prerequisites for personal identity formation
Summary
Research on the development of the child's personality took place in accordance with the socio-political and economic situation, ideological accents, scientific priorities of researchers. The relevance of the study is due to the rapid change of paradigms and processes occurring in the XXI century. Such transformations cannot but affect the living environment, which plays a leading role in the development of a child's personal identity. Formation and development of identity is a way of gradual integration of one's own experience, generalized experiences, cognitive structures into a holistic system of subjective reality, which correlates with objective reality. Identity is formed and developed as a dynamic structure under the influence of individual and social dimensions. It is impossible to study the manifestations of personal identity without taking into account the real life context in which it is carried out
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