Psychological Inquiry and Scientific Methodology in the Enlightenment: Unveiling the Insights of Jean Trembley

Abstract

This study delves into the intellectual milieu of the Enlightenment era, offering an in-depth exploration of Jean Trembley’s seminal contributions to empirical psychology and scientific methodology. As a fervent prot\'{e}g\'{e} of Charles Bonnet, Trembley’s work, first published in 1781, marked a significant milestone in the development of French-language discourses on empirical psychology’s methodological approaches. This paper conducts a thorough examination of Trembley’s methodological and epistemological underpinnings, elucidating his staunch advocacy for the centrality of psychology and the indispensable role of empirical evidence in scientific inquiry. In particular, the analysis focuses on Trembley’s multifaceted intellectual pursuits, encompassing domains such as mathematics, physics, psychology, aesthetics, theology, and politics. This exploration uncovers a cohesive philosophical thread that underscores his commitment to a form of cognitive morality, deeply rooted in psychological principles. The investigation highlights how Trembley’s work championed the use of experience and the systematic application of cognitive processes like curiosity, attention, imagination, as well as the dynamics of habit formation and the association of ideas, thereby positioning psychology as a crucial cornerstone in the framework of scientific methodology. Ultimately, this article offers a comprehensive evaluation of Trembley’s lasting impact on the field of empirical psychology during the Enlightenment, illuminating his role as a pivotal figure in the evolution of scientific thought and practice during this transformative period in intellectual history.