Psychological Influence of Self-Management on Exercise Self-Confidence, Satisfaction, and Commitment of Martial Arts Practitioners in Korea: A Meta-Analytic Approach.

Hyun-Duck Kim,Angelita Bautista Cruz

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691974

Abstract

This study aimed to meta-analyze the relationship between self-management and exercise self-confidence, satisfaction, and commitment in both modern and traditional martial arts among Korean practitioners. We examined the level of sports participation and different martial arts sports as potential moderating variables. In total, 22 studies yielded 299 individual effect sizes and were included in the final meta-analytic pool. The analyses revealed a moderate effect of self-management on exercise satisfaction and self-confidence; and a large effect self-management on exercise commitment. Especially, the effect of the training dimension of self-management was large on exercise commitment and satisfaction, while that of the mental dimension was large on exercise self-confidence. The effects of self-management on exercise satisfaction, commitment, and self-confidence were large in judo, Ssireum, and wrestling, respectively. Finally, the use of self-management was relatively more effective for non-elite participants than for elite practitioners. Our results highlight the effectiveness of self-management to enhance Korean martial arts practitioners’ exercise self-confidence, commitment, and satisfaction, findings that may potentially be extended internationally and to other types of sports; further, they showcase the importance of the promotion of interventions and educational programs on how to incorporate/employ self-management in athletes’ sports training.

Highlights

Athletes are often exposed to various stressors either during training or competition (Sarkar and Fletcher, 2014)
We considered the following as moderator variables: level of sports participation [i.e., middle/high school student athletes and recreational participants (MHR); and collegiate student and professional athletes (CEPA)], and type of martial arts sport
Results showed that the effect of self-management on exercise satisfaction in judo was larger than all other martial arts; in Kumdo, this effect was significant, albeit relatively lower

Summary

Introduction

Athletes are often exposed to various stressors either during training or competition (Sarkar and Fletcher, 2014). Self-Management in Korean Martial Arts particular, stressors such as injuries, poor fitness condition, weight, subpar performances, and coach/teammates-athlete relationship concerns, physical pain, and cognitive/somatic state anxieties are normally encountered (Massey et al, 2015; Cintineo and Arent, 2019; Son et al, 2020). If athletes perceive these stressful demands to be threatening and with no capability to control the strains placed on them, it would lead them to negative physical and psychological responses (Fletcher and Sarkar, 2012) resulting in poor performance outcomes and psychological breakdown (Papacosta et al, 2016; Cintineo and Arent, 2019).

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Conclusion