Psychological impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in Kuwait

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Health care workers during the COVID-19 outbreak in Kuwait. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional survey. An anonymous self-reported online questionnaire was administered. Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) was used for assessment in addition to collecting demographic data and other data related to physical health and workplace characteristics. The fears of getting COVID-19 infection or transmitting the infection to their families was also assessed. Results: Altogether, 607 Health care workers completed the survey. The estimated prevalence of severe anxiety and depression was 26.9% (moderate to severe 54%). Younger (p<0.001), female (p< 0.001) Health care workers occupying junior grade jobs (p= 0.001) tended to show higher prevalence of anxiety and depression. Frontline Health care workers who did not receive personal protective equipment training (p< 0.001) or those who reported being forced to join frontlines (p= 0.002) had higher anxiety and depression scores. Risk factors for severe anxiety and depression included being physician (Odds ratio [OR] 2.55; p = 0.027) and younger age group (OR, 2.53; p<0.001). We found a significant correlation between PHQ-4score and the perceived fear of being infected (r = 0.53, p <0.001) or transmitting the infection to their families (r = 0.49, p <0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among Health care workers in Kuwait. Young female Health care workers showed a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression during this pandemic.