PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

The article examines the psychological characteristics of emotional intelligence, analyses the concepts and models of emotional intelligence in foreign and national psychology, in particular its content and structure, and studies intra- and interpersonal aspects of emotional intelligence. Today, a number of works studying emotional intelligence and performed by foreign and national scientists is growing; various psychological features of emotional intelligence manifestations are investigated in them. J. Mayer and P. Salovey understand emotional intelligence as a group of mental abilities that contribute to awareness and understanding of an individual’s own emotions and emotions of other people. The following models of emotional intelligence are presented in scientific works: the model of abilities, presenting the idea of ​​cross-relations between emotions and thinking is (J. Mayer, P. Salovey); the mixed model as a combination of an individual’s intellectual, emotional and personal properties (R. Bar-On and D. Goleman). A different opinion holds researchers K.V. Petrides and E. Furnham; they consider emotional intelligence as a personal trait and as the ability to process emotional information based on the construct of “emotional self-efficacy”. I.N. Andreeva proposes the integrative model of emotional intelligence and considers integral emotional intelligence as a cognitive-personal formation, as a set of mental abilities to understand and manage emotions and competencies associated with emotional information processing and transformation, as well as a set of communicative, emotional, intellectual and regulatory personal traits contributing to individual’s adaptation.In the study of E.L. Nosenko and N.V. Kovriga, emotional intelligence is considered as an aspect of an individual’s inner world that reflects the individual’s rational attitude to the world, to others and to him/herself as an agent of own life. It is characterized by internal (dispositional) and external (manifested by the signs revealing the course of an emotional process) components that determine stress-protective and adaptive functions of this integral personal characteristic. The researchers have proposed a hierarchical structure of the formed emotional intelligence.The intra- and interpersonal aspects of emotional intelligence are distinguished by both foreign and national researchers, among them G. Gardner, J. Mayer, P. Salovey, D.V. Liusin, E. L. Nosenko, N.V. Kovriga, M. A Manoilova, I. N. Andreeva, etc. According to G. Gardner, intrapersonal emotional intelligence is a person’s ability to understand their own emotions and feelings, their sources and to regulate their own behaviour on this basis, and interpersonal emotional intelligence is a person’s ability to interact with other people. So, emotional intelligence is an integral personal characteristic that contributes to human harmonious development and improvement of interpersonal interactions.