Psychoeducation for caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder–Lessons learned from a feasibility study

Abstract

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and potential efficacy of a 7-week psychoeducation intervention implemented in a group setting. The intervention was based on Miklowitz's (2008) psychoeducation component of Family-Focused Therapy. MethodThis was a feasibility randomized controlled trial study using a 2-group design (intervention and wait-list control). Twelve adult family members of those with bipolar disorder were randomized to receive 7 psychoeducation sessions immediately or after a 7-week waiting period. Outcomes were caregiver burden, depression, mental-well being, health status, and cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Frequencies and percentages were used to calculate feasibility measures. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to assess change over time during treatment. ResultsTwelve participants were recruited out of a projected sample size of 40. Feasibility rates included the following: 85% retention rate, 100% data collection rate, 94% attendance rate. The mean satisfaction score was 17.25, with potential scores of 4-20. There were trends in improvement in some of the variables (caregiver burden, mental well-being, IL-6) from pre-to post-intervention. LimitationThe study lacked a sufficient sample size. ConclusionAlthough some feasibility results were positive and the participants were satisfied with the intervention, recruitment was challenging. The study setting was near downtown in a sprawling urban area. Also, potential participants often assume multiple role responsibilities. They often lacked the time to physically attend the sessions. Future studies could incorporate teleconference or virtual environment platforms.