Psycho-social dynamics of criminology and humanistic corrections: An appraisal

Abstract

The Constitution of India clearly states under Article 21 that "no person shall be deprived of his right to life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law". This is a fundamental human right that acknowledges the spirit of human existence. Article 20 also protects a person's right against conviction. No individual is a criminal by birth. Understanding various psycho-social variables affecting offenders' cognitive and affective processes is important. Family and social environment play a vital role in shaping an individual's behaviour, thought process, motive, and personality. The age-old notion that "Spare the rod, spoil the child" is a punitive way of disciplining undesirable behaviours. It implies harsher the punishment, the better the character of a person. Unfortunately, such belief is supported by law enforcement authorities. On the contrary, the humanistic approach emphasizes the correction of criminal behaviour by inculcating more positive human values and rebuffing punitive measures. The present paper analyses various psycho-social dynamics of criminology and emphasizes adopting the humanistic approach in corrective measures for the reintegration of offenders into the mainstream of society.