PSO-Based Rendezvous Point Selection for Delay Efficient Trajectory Formation for Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Data acquisition using mobile sink (MS) provides an effective solution to the energy-hole problem in wireless sensor network (WSN), caused during multi-hop data forwarding of sensor nodes towards the static sink. Rendezvous point (RP) selection to form the trajectory of MS is a very effective and popular way applied in this regard. In RP based methods, a set of designated sensor nodes act as RPs, and non-RP nodes transmit data towards the closest RPs. MS follows the trajectory formed using RPs to acquire sensory data from WSN. Traditional RPs selection methods neglect the data delivery delay, and the traffic rate constraints of the sensor nodes, which can affect the delay efficiency of the formed trajectory. This paper overcomes the challenge and considers data delivery delay, and the traffic rate constraints of sensor nodes during RPs selection to design the delay-efficient trajectory of MS. The trajectory formation problem is an NP-hard problem. A meta-heuristic like a particle swarm optimization (PSO) has already been proven to provide a feasible and promising way to solve this problem. This paper proposes a novel PSO-based RPs selection (PSO-RPS) method under the data delivery delay and the traffic rate constraints of the sensor nodes for delay-efficient data acquisition. Simulation results depict that the proposed PSO- RPS outperforms against the existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of various performance metrics, such as the number of RPs, trajectory length, and data acquisition latency.