Pseudorandom number generator based on enhanced Hénon map and its implementation

Abstract

This paper presents a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) based on enhanced Hénon map (EHM) and its implementation in software and hardware for chaos-based cryptosystems with high processing such as image or video encryption. The proposed EHM presents better statistical properties and higher key sensitivity in comparison with classic Hénon map (CHM) by means of numerical tests such as bifurcation diagrams, largest Lyapunov exponent, Gottwald-Melbourne test, and histograms. The proposed 8-bit PRNG-EHM algorithm is implemented in MATLAB (software) and in FPGA technology (hardware) for experimental results. In hardware implementation, we use VHDL language and the Altera DE2-115 FPGA board with RS-232 serial port communication for data extraction, which are analyzed with MATLAB. In both software and hardware level, the proposed PRNG-EHM passes the randomness NIST 800-22 statistical tests. For first time in literature, a comprehensive security analysis from a cryptographic point of view is presented for hardware implementation such as key space analysis, key sensitivity, floating frequency, histograms, autocorrelation, correlation, entropy, and performance. Comparisons of proposed PRNG-EHM with recent similar schemes show main advantages in security capabilities for cryptographic applications. According with the results, the proposed scheme can be used in chaos-based cryptographic applications at software or hardware implementation.